Last Tuesday in lab we studied about exploring the stomatal complexes of monocot leaf vs dicot leaf. We also learned about the internal structures of different leaves as well as their primary functions such as photosynthesis and transpiration. Stomatal Complexes of Monocot vs. Dicot Wheat cat grass is known Tritium vulgare, is monocot plant. Stomata of the wheat "cat-grass" (Tritium vulgare) consist of four cells, two guard cells and two subsidiary cells. The guard cells are specialized cells in the epidermis of leaves, stems and other organs that are used to control gas exchange. They are produced in pairs with a gap between them that form a stomatal pore. Broad bean is known Vicia faba, which is the dicot plant. Stomata plays a vital role in openings in the epidermal layer that allow for the exchange of gases. They allow for a plant to balance water inside and outside the cells. Guard cells allow for the opening or closing of the stomata with the internal hormone stimuli as well as external environmental factors. Pavement cells are simple cells with no real functions other than protecting the cells below them. Moreover, they help decrease water loss, and maintain an internal temperature. The most significant difference between the stomata of the monocots and the dicots is the shape of the guard cells. The monocot leaf has the narrow, dumbbell-shaped guard cells; whereas the dicot leaf has the pair-of-sausage shaped guard cells. Moreover, the monocot has the guard cells arranged in regular arrays, but the dicot has different paving. The monocot has stomata on both the upper and lower surface of the leaf. However, the dicot has stomata on the lower surface. Cross-Section of Corn Leaf (Zea mays) Corn leaf (Zea mays) is monocot, has parallel veins. Moreover, spongy mesophyll is composed of parenchyma cells that contain chloroplast for photosynthesis. It also has air spaces for gas exchange and produces carbohydrates by photosynthesis. The upper and lower epidermis protect the leaf from water, sealing water inside and preventing parasite's attack. Xylem transports water into the leaf while phloem begins the sugar transport down to the roots. Veins is consisted of xylem and phloem, and a surrounding bundle sheath. The internal structures of the monocot plants compared to the dicot plants made me surprised because I've always thought that their insides looks the same. However, there is a big difference. Guard cells of the monocot are narrow, dumbbell-shaped; but they are crazy-paving arrangement in the dicot. Stomata are located on both the upper and lower surface of the monocot leaf; whereas they are located only on the lower surface of the dicot leaf. During the lab, I felt difficulties in doing the cross-section of corn leaf because it needs a good skill technique to cut the cross-section. Finally, TA help me to finish the slide; the one I got that make me happy.
Submitted by Quyen Ta
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